Article Citation:
Mathews Plamoottil
Puntius nigronotus, a new fish species (cypriniformes; cyprinidae) from Kerala, India
Journal of Research in Biology (2014) 4(8): 1581-1588
Journal of Research in Biology
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:463695EC-9269-4EA7-8534-E8E8975A205D
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:238CD6D0-1548-4F46-99DE-802627090BD1
Puntius nigronotus, a new fish species (cypriniformes; cyprinidae) from Kerala, India
Keywords:
Western Ghats, Mananthavady River, New description, Puntius viridis
ABSTRACT:
Puntius nigronotus, a new fish species of the family Cyprinidae, is described from Mananthavady River of Kerala, India. It is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: body deeper, maxillary barbels shorter and never reach nostrils, dorsal fin shorter, 9 branched rays in dorsal fin and 6 branched rays in anal fin, last unbranched dorsal fin ray feebly ossified and flexible, 27 lateral line scales, pre pelvic distance greater, caudal peduncle wide and lateral line straight.
1581-1588| JRB | 2014 | Vol 4 | No 8
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Author:
Mathews Plamoottil
Institution:
Assistant Professor in Zoology, Govt. College, Chavara, Kollam, Kerala, India
Corresponding author:
Mathews Plamoottil
Email Id:
Web Address:
http://jresearchbiology.com/documents/RA0484.pdf
Dates:
Received: 06 July 2014 Accepted: 29 Nov 2014 Published: 31 Dec 2014
Journal of Research in Biology
An International Scientific Research Journal
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
ISSN No: Print: 2231 –6280; Online: 2231- 6299
INTRODUCTION
Species of genus Puntius are the most common cyprinid fishes of India. Jayaram (1991) revised the Puntius species of India and classified the genus into ten groups and fourteen complexes. Pethiyagoda et al. (2012) created five genera namely Puntius, Dawkinsia, Systomus, Haludaria and Pethia based on taxonomic analysis of 30 putative species of Indian and Sri Lankan Puntius species.
Puntius species are characterized by the absence of rostral barbels, smooth last unbranched dorsal fin ray, presence of free uroneural, simple and accumulate gill rakers and presence of a post epiphyseal fontanelle. The present fish described from the Mananthavady River of Wayanad, Kerala, India, carries characters of the genus Puntius but bears many features to separate it from its relative species. So it is described here as a new species Puntius nigronotus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Methods used are those of Jayaram (2002); subunits of the head are presented as percentage of Head Length (HL); head length and measurements of body parts are given as percentage of Standard Length (SL).
Abbreviations used:
BDD– Body depth at dorsal fin origin; IOW– Inter Orbital Width; HD– Head Depth; LLS– Lateral Line Scales; PDS– Pre Dorsal Scales; PRPLS– Pre Pelvic Scales; PRAS– Pre Anal Scales; CPS– Circum Peduncular Scales; LCP– Length of Caudal Peduncle; DCP– Depth of Caudal Peduncle; LL/D- scales between lateral line and dorsal fin; LL/V- scales between lateral line and ventral fin; LL/A- scales between lateral line and anal fin; L/TR– Lateral Transverse Scales; D– Dorsal fin rays; P– Pectoral fin rays; V– Ventral fin rays; A– Anal fin rays; C– Caudal fin rays. ZSI/ WGRC- Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghats Regional Centre, Kozhikode; ZSI- Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata; CRG/SAC- Conservation Research Group, St. Albert’s college, Cochin; ZSI/SRC- Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Chennai; UOK/AQB- department of aquatic biology and fisheries, University of Kerala.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Puntius nigronotus sp. nov.
(Figures 1- 3; Table 1 and 2)
Holotype: ZSI FF 5285, 82.3 mm SL, India: Kerala, Mananthavady River, Wayanad, coll. Mathews Plamoottil, 1 January 2012.
Diagnosis
Puntius nigronotus can be differentiated from all its congeners in having blackish dorsal side, shorter maxillary barbels (12.3 % HL), shorter width of mouth
gape (22.6 5 % HL), a higher body (BDD 35.8 % SL), a row of elongated tiny black dots present on dorsal fin, the latter is shorter (21.1 % SL) and with 9 branched rays, last unbranched dorsal fin ray feebly ossified and flexible, 6 branched rays in anal fin, 27 lateral line scales, greater pre pelvic distance (52.6 % SL), wide caudal peduncle (9.1 % SL) and straight lateral line.
Description
General body shape and appearance is shown in Figure 1- 3. Meristic counts are shown in Table 1 and morphometric data in Table 2. Body laterally compressed; dorsal profile convex; region from dorsal front to occiput a little bent, after sinking down very slightly goes straight to snout tip; post dorsal region slightly concave. Ventral profile from the base of pectoral fin to tip of pelvic fin straight, then abruptly concave and then goes straight to caudal base. Eyes situated considerably behind and above the angle of jaws, protruding above the surface of head and distinctly visible from below ventral side; inter orbital region slightly convex; nostrils, in short tube, situated nearer to eyes than to snout tip; jaws equal; barbels one pair maxillaries only, shorter than orbit, feeble and roughly reach the lower margin of orbit but never reach nostrils; mouth terminal, straight and protruding; width of gape of mouth equal to inter narial distance; operculum soft and flexible.
Dorsal fin originates considerably behind the pectoral tip, a little in front of ventral origin and nearer to caudal fin base than snout tip; its upper margin fairly concave; dorsal fin with two undivided and nine branched rays; first ray short and hard; second ray feebly ossified and flexible, tip a little filamentous; its inner margin slightly roughened but not serrated; last branched ray divided to root; pectoral tip never reach ventral origin; ventral fin originates just behind dorsal fin origin and considerably behind pectoral tip; its tip never reach anal fin origin and vent; two axillary scales present on either side of base of ventral, one above the other, of this the upper one soft and delicate and form 2½ in length of ventral fin; lower one short but more fleshy; anal fin roughly rectangular, outer margin fairly concave, its tip
never reach caudal base; no distance between anal fin origin and vent; no prominent ridge on the base of anal fin and dorsal fin; unbranched and branched rays of anal fin soft; caudal lobes equal. Scales thin and soft; lateral line straight and passes through the middle of body. Lateral line scales 27.
Colouration
In live condition, back side deep black; upper lateral side blackish brown; lower lateral side silvery white; dorsal fin pale orange red; pectoral, pelvic and anal fins whitish yellow; caudal fin dirty yellow; minute bluish black dots present on operculum; a few tiny elongated black spots present on dorsal fin rays; caudal blotch small, diffuse and concentrated on one scale as an aggregation of bluish black dots. After preservation in formalin back and upper lateral side turned to reddish brown and lower lateral side yellowish white and fins became hyaline.
Etymology: The specific name ‘nigronotus’ denotes the color of the new fish. In Greek ‘nigra’ means ‘black’ and ‘notus’ means ‘back’; refers to the blackish dorsal side of the fish.
Distribution:
Currently known only from the type locality in Kerala.
Comparisons
Puntius nigronotus shows similarity to Puntius viridis, P. parrah and P. madhusoodani of Kerala and Puntius dorsalis of Chennai and Puntius chola and P. sophore of River Ganges (Figure 4- 9). The new fish differs from Puntius viridis Plamoottil and Abraham (2013) in having 27 lateral line scales (vs. 25/26 in P. viridis), 11 pre dorsal scales (vs. 9), 9 branched rays in dorsal fin (vs. 8), deeper body (35.8 % SL vs. 31.5- 33.8), greater distance (25.7 % SL vs. 21.0- 21.6) from pectoral fin to pelvic fin, no distance from anal fin origin to vent (vs. 2.6- 4.1 % SL) and wider caudal peduncle (9.1 % SL vs. 5.5- 7.4). P. nigronotus differs from P. parrah Day (1865, 1878, 1889) in having closely located orbits (IOW 32.1 vs. 42.1- 42.5 % HL in P. parrah), shorter maxillary barbels (12.3 % HL vs. 15.0- 17.6), lower (HD 74.9 % HL vs.84.2- 89.5) and longer head (29.5 % SL vs. 25.6- 26.0) and greater number of branched dorsal fin rays (9 vs. 8) and lateral line scales (28 vs. 25).
The new fish differs from Puntius chola (Hamilton, 1822) in having 11 pre dorsal scales (vs. 9 in P. chola), 10 pre pelvic scales (vs. 5/6), 27 lateral line scales (vs. 26), 9 branched rays in dorsal fin (vs. 8), 6 branched rays in anal fin (vs. 5) and 4½ scales between lateral line and anal fin (vs. 3½). Puntius nigronotus differs from P. dorsalis Jerdon (1849) in many meristic and morphometric characters. In P. dorsalis, a black spot present at the posterior portion of the base of dorsal fin (vs. absent in new species), 2½ scales present between lateral line and ventral fin (vs. 3½), snout longer (31.8-37.1 % HL vs. 24.7), dorsal fin with 8 branched rays (vs. 9) and lateral line with 25/26 scales (vs. 27).
The new species can also be easily distinguished from Puntius madhusoodani Kumar et al. (2011) in many taxonomic characters. In P. madhusoodani 4 scales present between lateral line and dorsal fin (vs. 5½), pre dorsal scales 9 (vs.11), dorsal fin longer (25.2- 28.7 % SL vs. 21.1), dorsal fin with 7 branched rays (vs. 9), lateral line scales 27 (vs. 25/26), snout longer (28.6- 30 % HL vs. 24.7), head deeper (head depth 95.0- 100.0 % HL vs. 74.9) and anal fin longer (19.2- 21.5 % SL vs. 16.2). The new species can be distinguished from Puntius sophore (Hamilton, 1822) in having one pair of maxillary barbels (vs. absent), smaller eyes (32.1 % HL
vs. 34.7- 36.0), lower head (head depth at occiput 74.9 % HL vs. 80.3- 86.7), lateral line scales 27 (vs. 25), 11 pre dorsal scales (vs. 9) and 9 branched rays in dorsal fin (vs. 8).
CONCLUSION
Puntius nigronotus is a unique fish having greater number of branched dorsal fin rays than all other relative species; its lateral line scales and pre dorsal scales are also greater in number than its congeners; their last unbranched dorsal fin ray feebly ossified and flexible; it was believed that branched rays in dorsal fin of Puntius species are only eight (Pethiyagoda et al., 2012); the present fish is an exception to this; Puntius nigronotus have nine branched rays in dorsal fin and additionally its last branched ray is divided to root; it is expected that more aspects of its biology will be revealed in near future based on studies on more number of specimens.
Comparative material examined
Puntius viridis: Holotype, 21.08.2011, 81 mm SL, Kallumkal, Manimala River, Kerala, India, 9˚20’0’’N, 76˚30’0’’E, coll. Mathews Plamoottil, ZSI/ WGRC/IR/2382. Paratypes, 21.08.2011, 5 examples, 72- 76 mm SL, Kallumkal, Manimala River, Kerala, India, 9˚20’0’’N, 76˚30’0’’E, coll. Mathews Plamoottil, ZSI/ WGRC/ IR/2383; 10. 10. 2012, 2 examples, 63- 74 mm SL, Manimala River at Kallumkal, Kerala, coll. Mathews Plamoottil, ZSI FF 4932.
Puntius dorsalis: 27.10.95, 1 example, 62 mm SL, Thunakadavu dam, Parambikulam wild life sanctuary, Kerala, ZSI/WGRC/IR 8466, coll. P.M. Sureshan, identified by K.C. Gopi; 23.2.2000, 2 examples, 56- 63 mm SL, Pampa River at Parumala, Kerala, ZSI/WGRC/IR/10379, coll. K. C. Gopi; 11.02. 58; 1 example, 53 mm SL, Isteri tank, 7 miles north west of Pondicherry, ZSI/F 2801, coll. A.G.K. Menon; 16.02. 1996, 2 examples, 52- 53 mm SL, Sethumadai canal, Indira Gandhi Wild Life sanctuary, Tamil nadu, ZSI/SRC/F 4954, coll. M.B. Reghunathan; undated, 1 example, Madras, ZSI/F 2730, coll. Francis Day; undated, 1 example, 53 mm SL, Tunga River at Shimoga, ZSI/F 12320/1, coll. H.S. Rao; undated, 5 examples, 55- 62 mm SL, Cauvery River, Coorg, Karnataka, ZSI/F 12319/1, coll. C.R. Narayan Rao;
Puntius parrah: 10.01. 2012, 4 examples, 65.5- 78.0 mm SL, Arattupuzha, Karuvannoor River, Irinjalakuda, Kerala, ZSI FF 4934, coll. Mathews Plamoottil; 15.12.1994; 1 example, 60 mm SL, Kuruva Island, Wayanad, ZSI/WGRC/IR/742, coll. C. Radhakrishnan; 24.03.1997, 1 example, 44 mm SL, Parambikulam WLS, ZSI/WGRC/IR/10696, coll. K. C. Gopi; 10.8.2001, 2 examples, 100.0- 103.0 mm SL, Achankoil River, UOK/AQB/F/ 102, coll. Bijukumar; undated, 1 example, Karuvannoor River, Kerala, ZSI/F 2718 Syntype, coll. Francis Day; 08.05. 1977, 6 examples, 71 mm- 94 mm SL, Cauvery River at Chunchanakatte, ZSI/SRC Uncat, coll. K. C. Jayaram.
Puntius chola: 08.11.1939, 1 example, 41.5 mm SL, Soni Gaon Bheel, Lokpa, Batipara, Assam, ZSI/F 2203, coll. S.L. Hora; 1963, 1 example, 54 mm SL, Sukla Talai, Jhalwar, Rajasthan, ZSI/F 4009/2, coll. N. Majumdar & R.N. Bhargava; 18.03.1958, 2 examples, 32.5- 55 mm SL, Raxanal, Bihar, ZSI/F/2804/2, coll. Keval Singh; 3 examples, 50- 62 mm SL, Rajastan, ZSI/F/4379/2, coll. Birla college, Pilani; 1 example, 71 mm SL, Mahanadi Irrigation Canal, Rudri, Orissa, ZSI/F 13082/1, coll. H.S. Rao.
Puntius madhusoodani: 17.11.2010, Holotype, 91.43mm SL, Manimala River, near Thirumoolapuram, Thiruvalla, Kerala, CRG-SAC 456, coll. K. Krishnakumar; 17. 11. 2010, 3 examples, 67.6 - 80.91mm SL, Manimala River, near Thirumoolapuram,Thiruvalla, Pathanamthitta District, CRG-SAC 457 – 459 paratypes, coll. K. Krishnakumar and Benno Pereira.
Puntius sophore: 10.05.2012, 2 examples, 58- 59 mm SL, Serrampore, River Ganges, Kolkata, ZSI FF
4938, Coll. Mathews Plamoottil; 20.06. 1963, 4 examples, 62.5- 70.0 mm SL, Sukla Talai, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, ZSI/F 4008/2, coll. N. Majumdar & R. N. Bhargava; 24.10.1939, 1 example, 40 mm SL, Suwannee River, east of Hazaribagh Barhi Road, ZSI/F 13827, H.S. Rao; 22.06.1963, 4 examples, 66- 102 mm SL, Gadhuli Talai, Shergarh, Rajasthan, ZSI/F 4023, SE Rajastan Survey of ZSI; 30.06.1983, 4, examples, 58.0- 67.5 mm SL, Talbi, N. of Bimmal Railway station, ZSI/F 4029/2, S. E. Rajasthan Survey of ZSI.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author acknowledges University Grants Commission of India for sanctioning Faculty Development Programme to undergo this research. I am grateful to anonymous reviewers for their comments that helped to improve the manuscript.
REFERENCES
Day F. 1865. The Fishes of Malabar. Bernard Quaritch, London. 293.
Day F. 1878. The fishes of India: being a natural history of the fishes known to inhabit the seas and fresh waters of India, Burma, and Ceylon. William and Norgate, London. (suppl.) 556-574.
Day F. 1889. Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Edited by W. T. Blanford. Fishes, by Francis Day. 2, 8: London: Taylor and Francis, 1889. Fishes. I, Taylor and Francis, London. 209-334.
Hamilton F. 1822. An Account of Fishes found in the River Ganges and its branches. Edinburgh: Printed for Archibald Constable and Company and Hurst, Robinson, and Co. 90, Cheapside, London. 312-389.
Jayaram KC. 1991. Revision of the genus Puntius Hamilton (Pisces: Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Cyprininae). from Indian region. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper No. 135: 178.
Jayaram KC. 2002. Fundamentals of Fish Taxonomy. Narendra Publishing House, Delhi. 174 p.
Jerdon TC. 1849. On the freshwater fishes of southern India, Madras Journal of Literature and Science.15 (2): 302- 346.
Kumar KK, Pereira FGB and Radhakrishnan KV. 2011. Puntius madhusoodani (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of barb from Manimala River, Kerala, South India, Biosystematica. 5 (2): 31- 37.
Pethiyagoda R, Meegaskumbura M and Maduwage K. 2012. A synopsis of the South Asian fishes referred to Puntius (Pisces: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters. 23 (1): 69-95.
Plamoottil M and Abraham NP. 2013. Puntius viridis (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), a new fish species from Kerala, India, Journal of Research in Biology. 3 (7): 1093-1104.
Plamoottil, 2014
1582 Journal of Research in Biology (2014) 4(8): 1581-1588
Figure 2. Head region of Puntius nigronotus
Figure 1. A fresh specimen of Puntius nigronotus, Holotype, ZSI FF 5285, 82.3 mm SL
Figure 3. Dorsal fin of P. nigronotus
Journal of Research in Biology (2014) 4(8): 1581-1588 1583
Plamoottil, 2014
SL. No. |
Counts
|
P. nigronotus
|
P. viridis
|
P. parrah ZSI FF 4934 (n=4) |
P. madhusoodani CRG/SAC 456- 459 (n=4) |
P. chola ZSI/F2203, 4009 (n=2) |
P. dorsalis ZSI/F2730, ZSI/SRC4954 (n=3) |
P. sophore ZSI FF 4938 (n= 2) |
Holotype, ZSI FF 5285 |
ZSI/ WGRC/IR/2382, 2383, ZSI FF 4932 (n= 8) |
|||||||
Scale Counts |
||||||||
1 |
LLS
|
27 |
25- 26 |
25 |
25- 26 |
26 |
25-26 |
25 |
2 |
PDS
|
11 |
9 |
8 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
3 |
PRPLS
|
10 |
5 |
6 |
6 |
5-6 |
5-6 |
5 |
4 |
PRAS
|
18 |
10- 12 |
14 |
14 |
12-13 |
11-13 |
13 |
5 |
CPS
|
10 |
9-10 |
10 |
10 |
11-12 |
9-10 |
10 |
6 |
LL/D
|
5½ |
5- 5½ |
5½ |
4 |
4½-5 |
4½-5½ |
5½ |
7 |
LL/V
|
3½ |
3½ |
3½ |
3 |
3-3½ |
2½ |
3½ |
8 |
LL/A
|
4½ |
3½ |
3½ |
3½ |
3½ |
3½ |
4½ |
9 |
L/TR
|
5½/3½ |
5-5½/3½ |
5/4 |
5/3½ |
5½/4½ |
5½/2½ |
5½/4½ |
Fin Ray Counts |
||||||||
10 |
D
|
ii, 9 |
iii, 8 |
iii, 8 |
iii,7 |
iii,8 |
iii, 8 |
iii, 8 |
11 |
P
|
i, 15 |
i, 14 |
i, 14 |
i, 14 |
i, 13-16 |
i, 14-15 |
i, 13- 14 |
12 |
V
|
i, 8 |
i, 8 |
i, 8 |
ii, 8 |
i, 8 |
i, 7 |
i, 8 |
13 |
A
|
ii, 6 |
iii, 5 |
ii, 5 |
ii, 6 |
iii, 5 |
iii, 5 |
iii, 5 |
14 |
C
|
ii, 17 |
18- 19 |
19 |
19 |
19 |
17 |
18 |
Table 1. Meristic Counts of Puntius nigronotus sp. nov. and its relative species
Figure 4. Puntius viridis, Paratype, ZSI FF 4932
Plamoottil, 2014
1584 Journal of Research in Biology (2014) 4(8): 1581-1588
SL. N0. |
Characters |
P. nigronotus
ZSI FF 5285 |
P. viridis ZSI/ WGRC/IR/2382, 2383, ZSI FF 4932 (n= 8) |
P. parrah ZSI FF 4934 (n=4) |
P. madhusoodani CRG/SAC 456- 459, (n= 4) |
1 |
Total length (mm) |
105.1 |
91.2-103 |
86.5- 102.0 |
90.5- 118.3 |
2 |
Standard Length (mm) |
82.3 |
72-81 |
65.5- 78.0 |
67.6- -91.4 |
% SL |
|||||
3 |
Head length |
29.5 |
26.4- 31.1 |
25.6-26.0 |
27.5-29.5 |
4 |
Head depth |
22.1 |
19.7- 22.9 |
21.6-24.0 |
20.7-23.1 |
5 |
Head width |
17.0 |
15.8- 17.8 |
15.4-17.6 |
15.0-16.7 |
6 |
Body depth at dorsal fin |
35.8 |
31.5- 33.8 |
32.1- 33.1 |
34.5-36.2 |
7 |
Body depth at anal fin |
23.7 |
21.1- 23.9 |
23.7-24.4 |
22.1-23.7 |
8 |
Body width at dorsal fin |
20.0 |
16.2- 19.1 |
17.3-19.7 |
17.6-19.1 |
9 |
Body width at anal fin |
12.2 |
10.8- 13.2 |
13.4- 15.2 |
11.7-14.5 |
10 |
Pre occipital distance |
18.5 |
18.9- 23.0 |
20.5- 24.3 |
18.9-22.9 |
11 |
Distance from occiput to dorsal front |
33.8 |
30.4- 31.7 |
24.3- 29.8 |
29.0-32.9 |
12 |
Pre-dorsal length |
54.7 |
48.2- 54.8 |
50.0-52.1 |
49.3-50.6 |
13 |
Post-dorsal length |
51.0 |
48.2- 54.8 |
48.7- 53.5 |
50.2-58.6 |
14 |
Pre-pectoral length |
27.0 |
25.8- 29.7 |
27.0-28.2 |
26.2- 28.9 |
15 |
Pre-pelvic length |
52.6 |
47.9- 50.0 |
47.2- 51.3 |
46.5-50.3 |
16 |
Pre-anal length |
75.1 |
72.2- 76.6 |
70.3- 74.4 |
67.6-74.3 |
17 |
Length of dorsal fin |
21.1 |
22.4- 26.5 |
22.1-24.4 |
25.2-28.7 |
18 |
Length of pectoral fin |
19.4 |
16.7- 19.7 |
17.6-19.8 |
17.7- 19.1 |
19 |
Length of pelvic fin |
17.9 |
17.3-20.3 |
20.3-21.4 |
20.7- 21.1 |
20 |
Length of anal fin |
16.2 |
14.8- 18.9 |
13.3-16.8 |
19.2-21.5 |
21 |
Length of caudal fin |
27.7 |
29.3- 30.0 |
28.4- 32.1 |
24.8- 27.0 |
22 |
Length of base of dorsal fin |
18.2 |
17.6- 19.2 |
18.0-21.0 |
19.0-20.0 |
23 |
Length of base of anal fin |
8.7 |
9.8- 11.1 |
12.0-15.4 |
9.0-12.0 |
24 |
Length of base of pectoral fin |
5.1 |
4.1- 5.3 |
3.3-4.2 |
3.7- 4.1 |
25 |
Length of base of pelvic fin |
4.9 |
5.0- 6.9 |
4.2-5.4 |
6.0-7.1 |
26 |
Length of base of caudal |
14.6 |
13.5- 14.2 |
12.2-14.1 |
12.4- 13.8 |
27 |
Length of caudal peduncle |
17.6 |
16.3- 17.8 |
19.1-21.2 |
12.6-17.5 |
28 |
Depth of caudal peduncle |
14.0 |
13.5-14.5 |
12.9-13.5 |
12.8-14.6 |
29 |
LCP/DCP |
79.3 |
77.0- 88.0 |
63.6-74.3 |
73.1- 84.6 |
30 |
Width of caudal peduncle |
9.1 |
5.5- 7.4 |
4.1- 5.4 |
6.2-.6.6 |
31 |
Distance from pectoral to pelvic fin |
25.7 |
21.0-21.6 |
20.4-20.9 |
22.8-25.0 |
32 |
Distance from pelvic to anal fin |
24.3 |
23.8- 25.0 |
24.3- 26.8 |
25.0-28.9 |
33 |
Distance from anal to caudal fin |
26.4 |
25.9- 27.5 |
27.7-29.6 |
25.5-27.0 |
34 |
Distance from anal to vent |
0 |
2.6- 4.1 |
0 |
4.8-6.6 |
35 |
Distance from ventral to vent |
22.5 |
19.1- 22.8 |
23.0-25.6 |
22.4-23.4 |
% HL |
|||||
36 |
Head depth |
74.9 |
68.2- 80.0 |
84.2-89.5 |
95.0-100.0 |
37 |
Head width |
57.6 |
56.5- 63.2 |
60.0- 68.4 |
55.0-61.9 |
38 |
Eye diameter |
32.1 |
26.1- 31.6 |
32.5-36.8 |
27.5-33.3 |
39 |
Inter orbital width |
32.1 |
31.6- 40.9 |
42.1- 42.5 |
37.5-41.9 |
40 |
Inter narial width |
23.0 |
23.9- 28.9 |
23.5-30.0 |
25.0-28.6 |
41 |
Snout length |
24.7 |
22.7- 31.8 |
26.3-30.0 |
28.6-30.0 |
42 |
Width of gape of mouth |
22.6 |
23.0- 27.3 |
28.9-30.0 |
25.0-27.6 |
43 |
Length of maxillary barbels |
12.3 |
13.0- 21.1 |
15.0-17.6 |
14.3-15.0 |
Table 2. Comparison of morphometric characters of P. nigronotus and its congeners
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Plamoottil, 2014
Figure 5. Puntius parrah, ZSI FF 4934, coll. Plamoottil
Figure 6. Puntius chola, ZSI FF 2203, coll. Hora
Figure 7. Puntius dorsalis, ZSI FF 2730, coll. Day
Figure 8. Puntius madhusoodani, Paratype, CRG- SAC 459
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1586 Journal of Research in Biology (2014) 4(8): 1581-1588
Figure 9. Puntius sophore, ZSI FF 4938, coll. Plamoottil
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Plamoottil, 2014
1588 Journal of Research in Biology (2014) 4(8): 1581-1588
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